How to hide a file or directory in Linux?

Most of us have files on our computer or laptop that we don’t want other people to see. If your system uses a Mac or Windows operating system, you can use various tools to hide different files and folders or even encrypt your favorite files to better protect your privacy. In this article, we will talk about how to hide a file or directory in Linux.

In Linux computers and laptops, like Windows and Mac, you can hide your favorite files and directories from the view of others both through the terminal of the operating system and by using some tools that are very easy to use. In the following, we will introduce some efficient methods to hide files and directories in Linux.

The easiest way to hide various files and directories in Linux is to use the Linux terminal or the Linux graphical environment (GUI).

• Open a Linux terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T.
• In the terminal, type the following command:

Although hiding the file and directory in Linux by changing the file name seems to be a simple and fast method, but equally, it becomes easy for people who are a little familiar with the Linux environment to access this file. Therefore, we suggest that you go for a better method.

Data encryption or steganography is a method of hiding information in a normal image file, which, like the first method, has almost simple steps, but unlike it, it really hides the files you want from anyone’s view, and you can even hide them after hiding them. Delete the original file in the image irretrievably. In the following, we will teach the steps to hide the file and directory in an image file using the Linux terminal.

• Open the Linux terminal and create a new folder (directory) using the following command.

Note: instead of newdir, enter your desired name for the new directory.

• Copy or move the image file (PNG or JPG) you want to use to hide your desired file into the new folder you created.

Important note: sometimes, depending on the size of the files or the number of files you want to hide in an image, you may need to use a large image so that you have enough space to store the files inside the image.

If you want to hide multiple files, it is better to compress them into one zip file. To compress files in Linux, you must first create a new folder.

• To create a new folder inside the folder you have already created, enter the following command in the Linux terminal:

Note: instead of tmp, you must type the name of the folder you created in the previous step and enter your desired name for the new folder instead of newdir.

In this tutorial, we created a main folder named Images, which contains an image named MainImage.png and a subfolder named FileToHide. This subfolder contains all the files we want to hide.

• To compress your files into a zip file, run the following command in the Linux terminal:

Sometimes you may want to delete the original version of the file after hiding the sample files you want in an image file. You can use the shred command to do this. This command replaces the file value with a specific value when the file is deleted. For example, we can set the file value to zero when deleting a file.

• For this purpose, after opening the Linux window, run the following command:

By default, these files are overwritten three times (meaning rewriting new information, without the ability to recover previous information). This amount is usually enough, but if you want to overwrite the file more often, you only need to enter the command as follows and replace N with the number of times you want the files to be overwritten.

What method do you use to hide your files in Linux? We will be happy if you share your experiences in this field with us and other Zomit users.

Everything we expect from the iPhone 16 unveiling ceremony

Now that Samsung and other giants have launched their new flagships, it’s Apple’s turn to shine.

Apple’s new press conference, which is related to the unveiling of the iPhone 16, will be held with the slogan It’s Glowtime; A slogan that clearly expresses Apple’s ambition to have a stronger presence in the mobile market.

The invitation to the It’s Glow time event, which was sent to the media on the 5th of September, has the Apple logo as always, but this time different colors have been mixed and the design of the poster reminds us a lot of the WWDC 2024 event poster; The same ceremony that was the birthday party of “Apple Intelligence”.

Its Glowtime poster indirectly hints at important news about artificial intelligence, but the main star of the event will undoubtedly be the iPhone 16, and at the top of it, the Pro Max model.

Table of contents

• How to watch It’s Glowtime?

• iPhone 16; leading actor

• Apple Watch Series 10 or Apple Watch X?

• Apple Watch Ultra 3 and new Apple Watch SE; The most expensive and cheapest Apple watches

• Airpod 4; Apple’s different presence in the Togoshi headphone market

• Possible surprise: iPad mini 7

• other important events; From accessories to artificial intelligence and the new version of iOS

How to watch It’s Glowtime?

Apple has said that it will hold its new ceremony on September 19 at 20:30 Iran time. Apple events are always held on Tuesdays, but this time we will see the event on Monday.

It’s Glowtime will be broadcast on pre-recorded video, but Apple will also hold an in-person event for media at the Steve Jobs Amphitheater in Cupertino, California.

The unveiling ceremony of the iPhone 16 will be broadcast on YouTube and Apple’s official website. Zomit will also broadcast this event live.

iPhone 16; leading actor

The most important product of 2024 Apple is the iPhone 16. As the whistleblowers say, this year iPhone 16 will be available in four models, including the standard model, Plus, Pro, and Pro Max.

iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Plus, like the iPhone 15 and iPhone 15 Plus, will have 6.1-inch and 6.7-inch screens, respectively. Meanwhile, the iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max are expected to use 6.3-inch and 6.9-inch displays, which are slightly larger than the iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 15 Pro Max.

Image attributed to iPhone 16 replica; Pay attention to changing the arrangement of camerasMajin Buu on X

One of the most important changes to the iPhone 16 will be the change in the arrangement of the rear cameras. This time, there is no news of a diagonal arrangement, and probably the design philosophy of the iPhone 10 will be revived once again so that the iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Plus, like the Pro and Pro Max models, have the ability to record 3D video for playback on the Apple Vision Pro headset. The vertical arrangement of the cameras is considered a significant change.

Probably more iPhone cameras in the new generation will be equipped with a 48-megapixel sensor. Meanwhile, it is said that the periscopic lens of the iPhone 15 Pro Max will appear in the Pro model for the first time this year.

iPhone 16 next to iPhone 16 Pro; The image above is not an official

Apple Tech IG

It is said that Apple is looking to use the A18 Pro processor in the iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max, and the iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Plus will probably be equipped with the A18 processor with the same performance as the A17 Pro. We probably won’t see the phone overheating this year; Because Apple has been able to find a solution to the problem.

The Neural Processing Unit (NPU), which handles artificial intelligence processing, will be strengthened in the iPhone 16 series chips. Thanks to this unit, the new iPhones will handle the heavy processing of Apple Intelligence.

Another important change is the addition of the action button to all four phones so that iPhones can finally say goodbye to the mute slider. Maybe this year we will see a new button called the “capture button”. This button will be used to record photos and videos.

Apple Watch Series 10 or Apple Watch X?

The image above is not official

Shea on X

The unveiling of the iPhone 16 will not be the only important event of It’s Glowtime. Apple is celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Apple Watch this year, and it’s reasonable to assume that the company has big plans for its new watches.

It is said that the special model of the Apple Watch (possibly named Apple Watch X – read Apple Watch 10) will have a slimmer body than the current model, but its design is not going to change dramatically. Increasing the size of the screen will be one of the most important changes, and apparently, Apple wants to launch the Apple Watch 10 in two models.

According to the whistleblowers, the 45mm model will become the smallest Apple Watch 10 model, and the main model with a 49mm frame will be the same size as the Apple Watch Ultra.

Write Apple Watch X, read Apple Watch 10

Ming-Chi Kuo, who has a long history of revealing Apple information, says that the Apple Watch 10 will be equipped with a resin-coated copper (RCC) motherboard to reduce the thickness of the logic board and increase the durability of the watch against water penetration.

Mark German, a well-known Bloomberg whistleblower, previously said that Apple is looking to improve the strap connection system and wants to use a magnet system in the Apple Watch 10; However, the new reports of Germany have not mentioned such a feature. If such a system is implemented, none of the current Apple Watch bands will be compatible with the new model.

The Apple Watch 10 will have the ability to detect high blood pressure and sleep apnea, but these two features may not be available at launch.

Apple Watch Ultra 3 and new Apple Watch SE; The most expensive and cheapest Apple watches

The Apple Watch Ultra 2, launched last year, had a 50% brighter display, S9 chip, Double Tap gesture, local Siri processing, and more storage space than the previous generation. In general, the changes to the Apple Watch Ultra 2 were not very impressive, and probably the same thing will happen to the Apple Watch Ultra 3 this year.

The design of the Apple Watch Ultra 3 will remain intact. Mark German said some time ago that the third generation of the Apple Watch Ultra will be largely similar to the second generation, and that Apple will focus more on the Apple Watch X this year.

Apple Watch Ultra 3 will not experience significant changes

According to Ming-Chi Kuo, the Apple Watch Ultra 3 will experience almost no hardware changes compared to the previous generation, which means that the blood pressure and sleep apnea detection features will probably be software and will rely on the current sensors.

We expect the third-generation Apple Watch SE to be another new Apple smartwatch. This product, which will be the cheapest Apple watch, will be equipped with a larger screen and will probably be available in 41 mm and 45 mm models.

Mark Garman has previously said that the Apple Watch SE 3 will be equipped with a hard plastic body instead of an aluminum body. This change lowers the production cost of the Apple Watch SE 3 and appeals to those who want to enter Apple’s wearable ecosystem without paying a fortune.

Airpod 4; Apple’s different presence in the Togoshi headphone market

The fourth generation of Togoshi AirPods series headphones will probably be unveiled at the same time as the iPhone 16, and this time, unlike the previous generations, we will see the release of two models with different prices.

Leakers say that both AirPods 4 models will have a new design and their case will use the USB-C port instead of Lightning. The AirPods 4 case may be equipped with a speaker so that it can be easily located through the Find My network.

The AirPods 4 will come at a lower price than the AirPods Pro, but unlike the high-end handsfree, it won’t have the same features as the silicon series.

Meanwhile, it is said that AirPods 4 will use the H2 chip like the current generation AirPods Pro. The second and third-generation AirPods use the H1 chip. The H2 chip comes with Bluetooth 5.3 so that AirPods can be connected to different devices in a better way. H2 has lower power consumption to provide better charging performance than the third-generation AirPods 4.

Maybe the new generation of AirPods Max will be shown at the iPhone 16 unveiling ceremony after years; However, such an event seems far from expected. Leakers have said that the AirPods Max 2 will be released in “late 2024”.

AirPods Max is currently the oldest model in Apple’s headphone family and was launched in 2020. The big change for the AirPods Max 2 will be the use of a USB-C port.

Read more: All Apple products that will arrive in the fall of 2024; From iPhone 16 to iMac M4

Possible surprise: iPad mini 7

The iPad mini was last updated in 2021, and the sixth generation of the product is struggling with low inventory at most Apple stores. This issue has started rumors about the unveiling of the new model.

Apple

Mark German says that we are not far away from the iPad mini 7 unveiling, but he has not announced an exact date yet. The iPhone 16 unveiling ceremony will not be the right time to introduce the iPad Mini 7; Because the iPhone 16 and the new generation of Apple Watch are definitely going to attract all the attention.

According to rumors, the iPad mini 7 will use the A17 Pro processor and will have access to Apple’s artificial intelligence. The front and back cameras of the new Apple tablet may host a series of changes.

Other important events; From accessories to artificial intelligence and the new version of iOS

MacRumors

Apple releases a significant variety of accessories for its products every year, and we have no doubt that new cases and bands will be available after this year’s event.

One of the important events of this year is the release of the Apple Watch in new dimensions. To attract people, Apple needs to release a lot of new bands to cover all kinds of tastes.

Apple’s artificial intelligence has been unveiled before, but it still doesn’t have an exact release date. Apple may mention the release date of its own artificial intelligence in the final part of the iPhone 16 unveiling ceremony.

Every year, new versions of Apple’s operating systems are made available shortly after the iPhone’s unveiling ceremony. This will probably happen again this year for iOS 18 iPadOS 18 and macOS Sequoia.

Google brand story; From a small startup to ruling the web world

The general public of the world cannot imagine removing Google services from their lives today. Regardless of the search engine or the Chrome browser, most of us set our programs on Google Calendar, and using Gmail, Google Drive, Google Docs, Google Maps, Google Photos, YouTube, and the like has become a daily habit for us.

Google’s role in shaping our relationship with the Internet world is undeniable. Many of this company’s products have known alternatives, But Google has designed its comprehensive and integrated ecosystem in such a way that we cannot easily abandon the use of all its applications and services.

But how dangerous will it be for technology companies to gain power at this level? Today’s opponents of Google are divided into several groups: some believe that Google is acting against the direction of freedom of expression by prioritizing certain search results. One group also argues that Google collects user data in a variety of ways that people are unaware of and that this data is not necessarily used in advertising.

For example, some activists of the de-Google movement say: “Spying on people at this level is not acceptable and should not be. “We need to control the technologies we interact with, not the other way around.”

But 26 years ago, before it came under the microscope of US antitrust cases and its empire was in danger of being disintegrated, the initial idea for founding the company was formed with a student project with the aim of facilitating people’s access to web information.

Back then, finding specific content on websites was more like exploring a disorganized library. Even the algorithms of the best search engines, such as Xcite and Altavista, often displayed scattered links in response to user queries that may or may not be related to the user’s search. In fact, finding what you were looking for was more like a game of chance. But Google changed everything.

Join us to review the story of the origin of the Google brand and its evolution.

Larry Page and Sergey Brin met in the summer of 1995 at Stanford University’s doctoral student induction program, which included a tour around San Francisco. Both of them had just finished their master’s degree in computer science and were about to enter the doctoral degree with brilliant academic records.

Sergi Brin, who had a more social spirit, had volunteered to lead one of the student teams during the event. He had to show the university campus to the students and also lead the said recreational tour. Larry Page happened to be his bandmate and, contrary to expectations, their association during the camp was not pleasant for either of them.

According to Larry Page, Sergey Brin was too proud, while Sergey Brin considered Larry Page to be an unbearable person. They talked about urban infrastructure and social order for almost the entire camp and did not agree at any point.

Page later said in an interview: “We were arguing for a long time, Sergi had strong ideas and I think I was the same.” Sergiy Brin also confirmed his words and continued: “Both of us considered the other party hateful!” But the fact that we took time to discuss with each other showed that we also value thoughts.” They clearly complemented each other.

By the start of the first semester of their Ph.D., Page and Breen were no longer in contact and were working on their own projects and research. Page had learned from his father, a computer science professor at Michigan State, that a doctoral dissertation could determine the ultimate path of one’s academic career. When he approached his advisor, Terry Winograd, to decide on a thesis topic, he put more than 10 interesting ideas on his desk.

He says:

Computer scientists love graphs, and the World Wide Web could be the largest graph ever created.

Finally, with the consent of his mentor, Terry Winograd, Page began to examine the structure of web links. The point that disturbed his mind in the first stages of research was that although surfing the web from one page to another by following links was a simple and trivial task, few people paid attention to the reverse process, that is, the number of links behind each web page.

Sergey Brin says:

I loved data mining, which means analyzing huge amounts of data and finding patterns and trends. At the same time, Larry wanted to download the entire Internet, which contained the most interesting data possible for analysis.

Based on the results of their research, Page and Brin designed an algorithm called PageRank, which sent more popular sites to the top of the list and less important sites to the bottom of the list.

While investigating the work, they realized that the outputs of this model act somewhat similar to the search engine. In fact, BackRab was already a search engine that took a URL and provided a list of backlinks ranked by importance.

In addition, BackRub’s results outperformed those of other existing search engines such as AltaVista and Excite, which often listed irrelevant sites. By focusing on keywords, these search engines only looked at the text of the websites and ignored the most important factor, the ranking of the web pages.

Page and Brin developed the first search tool experimentally. This software only considered the headlines and page titles of the websites and then used the PageRank algorithm to rank and sort the websites. The results were significantly better than popular search engines.

After Page’s room was filled, Brain’s room became their programming center and management office. Before long, the former BackRab was a legendary project in Stanford’s computer science department, consuming nearly half of the university’s network bandwidth. By the fall of 1996, it had gotten to the point where the search engine was regularly disconnecting Stanford’s Internet connection.

Larry Page later recalled:

We were lucky that there were so many forward-thinking people at Stanford who didn’t blame us too much for the resources we used.

Page and Breen moved their tools and equipment to the company’s first office, which was the garage of their friend Susan Wojitsky’s house in Menlo Park, and by the end of the year, they had hired six more software engineers to work with them. By the end of 1999, the number of Google employees reached 21 people, among whom the names of Salar Kamangar, Omid Kurdestani, Suzan Vejitsky, and Marisa Mir stand out.

In 2004, the Gmail service created a storm in the world and raised the company’s position among users to a new level.

With 1 gigabyte of storage space, Gmail allowed users to quickly search for any email they had sent or received. In addition, this service provided users with new ways to automatically organize emails by topic. Many people thought that Gmail was Google’s April fool, but luckily it was not.

In September 2008, Google introduced the Chrome browser to the world. Interestingly, Eric Schmidt was against Google’s entry into the web browser market from the beginning, and this product was developed at the insistence of Sundar Pichai, one of the company’s forward-looking executives who was supposed to play a key role in the company’s future.

To create Chrome, Google hired some of the original Firefox engineers and developed the browser first for Windows and then for other operating systems. The first version of Chrome came with a 40-page visual guide to show users how to work with the browser. In just 4 years, the popularity of Google’s browser surpassed Firefox and Internet Explorer.

Schmidt later said in an interview:

I told Larry Page and Sergey Brin that we shouldn’t think about browser or operating system development, we shouldn’t compete with Microsoft. They told me they were hiring people to improve Firefox, and six months later they showed me Chrome. To be honest, I was so excited to see the Chrome demo that I had no choice but to admit I was wrong.

At the same time, Google’s organizational culture was still at the center of attention. This company was known as one of the best working environments in the world by maintaining a creative work environment. In such an environment that was based on the freedom of creativity and innovation, Google could attract the best talents and encourage them to create new and efficient products.

At a time when Google was improving the level of user experience by offering various products that often had better performance than competitors, it was also preparing the ground for building an inclusive ecosystem by buying leading startups.

For example, the company took the biggest step toward expanding its pervasive advertising empire across the Internet with its $3.1 billion purchase of DoubleClick, the company’s most expensive acquisition at the time. In 2006, Google also bought YouTube for 1.65 billion dollars to give its plans in the field of video content a more serious color.

Under the leadership of Salar Kamangar and then Susan Wojitsky, YouTube became one of Google’s most valuable assets and one of the best online video content platforms, used by millions of users every day.

One of the other decisive actions of Google is the purchase of the Android operating system for 50 million dollars in 2005, which was released in 2008 for the T-Mobile G1 phone known as the HTC Dream. Open source software and integration with the Google ecosystem and the highest levels of notification capabilities were the most important features of Android that made it the most popular mobile operating system in the world.

So far, there has been no news of Google’s serious presence in the smartphone market.

Between 2010 and 2014, Google was trying to create a new chapter in its history. Delving into fields beyond the search engine and web browser, the company had become a global innovation laboratory pursuing ideas ranging from driverless cars to projects in healthcare, renewable energy, and artificial intelligence.

In April 2011, Eric Schmidt resigned, saying that Google no longer needed the supervision of veteran executives like him, and Larry Page took his place. Larry Page and Sergey Brin realized a long time ago that they needed structural changes to better manage a company as big as Google and focus more on their ambitious projects. For this reason, in 2015, they made a bold decision.

They established a new holding company called Alphabet and brought Google and their other projects and companies under its umbrella. This move was not only a structural rearrangement but also reflected a profound philosophical change in Page and Breen’s approach. In this way, Google found a different position and at the same time in sync with a set of independent companies, each of which was looking for its specific and sometimes ambitious goals.

For example, the Google X division managed modern projects such as self-driving cars and smart cities. Meanwhile, Calico oversaw research related to increasing human lifespan and improving quality of life, and Verily focused on medical and biotechnology research.

July 2013, when Google announced the end of the Google Reader service, fans of this popular feed reader looked at this decision in disbelief. Shutting down Google Reader required courage, as we later saw in removing the headphone jack from iPhones. But this action made many Google users move to Twitter and search for daily news in tweets.

Finally, the purchase of DeepMind, an artificial intelligence laboratory based in London, was one of the most important steps taken by Google in this era, which later played a significant role in gaining the power of Google’s artificial intelligence department.

The strength of this virtual assistant was its synchronization with other products of the Google ecosystem, such as Google Home speakers, smart TVs, and most importantly, Android systems. Also, in 2016, Google announced the production of tensor processing units.

In October 2016, Google was at the forefront of the competition of flagship phones in the hardware sector with the introduction of Pixel phones, and two months later, the self-driving car project, which was considered one of the most successful projects of the Google X laboratory, was transferred to Waymo as an independent company after 6 years of testing. Guide the alphabet.

Sundar Pichai, unlike Eric Schmidt, was not afraid of competing with powerful technology companies, although now Google had also found a different face and no one considered it a new Silicon Valley player.

For example, Sundar Pichai had a special focus on the company’s cloud services, and despite long-standing competitors in this field such as Amazon and Microsoft, he invested heavily in building new data centers and developing cloud networks. With his efforts, Google Cloud became one of the top three cloud service providers in the world.

By introducing artificial intelligence tools and platforms in its cloud platform, Google was able to support corporate customers in various fields, including data analysis, machine learning, and process automation. During this period, the development and expansion of Nest smart home products also reached its peak. Although Google bought Nest in 2014, in recent years the integration of these products with the Google ecosystem has provided customers with an unparalleled user experience.

Some Google products, such as Google Translate, Google Lens, and Google Mate, found an undeniable role in people’s daily lives, and some projects, such as Google DeepMind projects, with every development and news, surprise the world beyond the technology world. Also, under the effective leadership of Sundar Pichai, Google has become one of the most powerful companies in the highly competitive market of generative artificial intelligence.

Getty Images

The flow of legal cases and complaints related to Google’s monopoly started in 2010; That is when the European Union Commission started a wide-ranging investigation into the anti-competitive behavior of this company. At that time, one of the main accusations was that Google placed its products and services above competitors in the search results, thereby marginalizing other companies.

On the eve of the 26th year of Google’s establishment, this company with a market value of 2.02 trillion dollars is known as the fourth most valuable company in the world.

However, Google has never faced such serious challenges. Will it break up as US government and judicial officials say? Will the emergence of new artificial intelligence search systems such as SearchGPT diminish the popularity of Google’s search engine? How do you see the future of it?